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+# CORPUS-0012
+## Settlement Reveals Truth
+### Status: Training Corpus Seed
+### Layer: Layer_2--Uncertainty
+### Purpose: Teach that the full truth of a venture is often revealed only when sale, payment, delivery, and obligations settle
+### Repository Path: docs/training/corpus/Layer_2--Uncertainty/CORPUS-0012-settlement-reveals-truth.md
+
+---
+
+## 0. Scenario
+
+A trader in Ostia sends oil to Capua.
+
+Before settlement, the trader has reports, expectations, promises, and estimates.
+
+He does not yet know the final truth of the venture.
+
+The truth becomes clear only when:
+
+- goods arrive
+- quality is accepted or rejected
+- sale price is agreed
+- payment is made
+- costs are counted
+- obligations are fulfilled or fail
+
+Settlement reveals the outcome.
+
+---
+
+## 1. Pre-Settlement State
+
+Before settlement, the trader believes:
+
+| Belief | Value |
+|---|---:|
+| Expected sale price | 22 asses |
+| Expected total cost | 16 asses |
+| Expected profit | 6 asses |
+
+This is an expectation.
+
+It is not yet the venture's final truth.
+
+---
+
+## 2. Hidden Unknowns
+
+Before settlement, the trader may not know:
+
+- whether the buyer still wants the oil
+- whether the buyer can pay
+- whether the oil arrived intact
+- whether handling cost increased
+- whether the reported price remains current
+- whether the buyer disputes quality
+- whether a rival has changed the market
+- whether some obligation remains unpaid
+
+These unknowns are resolved only through completion.
+
+---
+
+## 3. Settlement Event
+
+At settlement, the actual values become known:
+
+| Final Value | Result |
+|---|---:|
+| Actual sale price | 18 asses |
+| Actual total cost | 17 asses |
+| Final arithmetic outcome | 1 as profit |
+
+The expected profit was 6 asses.
+
+The final profit is 1 as.
+
+The venture was still profitable, but much less than expected.
+
+---
+
+## 4. Why Settlement Matters
+
+Reports and estimates guide action.
+
+Settlement resolves outcome.
+
+Before settlement:
+
+```text
+expected_profit = uncertain
+```
+
+After settlement:
+
+```text
+actual_profit = sale_value - total_cost
+```
+
+The account becomes fixed only when final values are known.
+
+---
+
+## 5. Partial Settlement
+
+Settlement may happen in stages.
+
+Example:
+
+| Stage | Status |
+|---|---|
+| goods delivered | complete |
+| buyer accepts quality | complete |
+| buyer pays half | partial |
+| remaining payment promised | unsettled |
+| cart driver paid | complete |
+| seller repayment | unsettled |
+
+A venture can appear complete while some obligations remain open.
+
+The model must distinguish physical delivery from full settlement.
+
+---
+
+## 6. Disputed Settlement
+
+Settlement may reveal disagreement.
+
+Examples:
+
+- buyer says the oil is lower quality
+- buyer claims less quantity arrived
+- seller demands earlier payment
+- cart driver adds waiting cost
+- warehouse keeper claims unpaid storage
+- witness remembers terms differently
+
+In these cases, settlement does not simply calculate.
+
+It exposes a dispute that must be resolved before the final outcome is stable.
+
+---
+
+## 7. Correct Model Behavior
+
+The model should separate:
+
+| Category | Meaning |
+|---|---|
+| expected_outcome | estimate before completion |
+| delivery_state | whether goods arrived |
+| acceptance_state | whether goods were accepted |
+| payment_state | whether payment was made |
+| obligation_state | whether related duties are fulfilled |
+| dispute_state | whether terms are challenged |
+| final_arithmetic | outcome after settlement values are known |
+
+The venture is not fully resolved until settlement is complete.
+
+---
+
+## 8. Incorrect Model Behavior
+
+The model should not:
+
+- treat expected profit as final profit
+- treat delivery as full settlement
+- ignore unpaid obligations
+- ignore partial payment
+- ignore buyer refusal
+- ignore quality dispute
+- ignore late-added costs
+- calculate final outcome before all settlement values are known
+
+---
+
+## 9. Example Resolution Variants
+
+### Variant A — Clean Settlement
+
+```text
+sale value = 22 asses
+total cost = 16 asses
+result = 6 asses profit
+```
+
+The venture resolves as expected.
+
+### Variant B — Reduced Sale Price
+
+```text
+sale value = 18 asses
+total cost = 17 asses
+result = 1 as profit
+```
+
+The venture succeeds narrowly.
+
+### Variant C — Unpaid Buyer
+
+```text
+sale value agreed = 22 asses
+cash received = 10 asses
+remaining claim = 12 asses
+settlement = incomplete
+```
+
+The trader has not yet realized full value.
+
+### Variant D — Disputed Quality
+
+```text
+expected sale value = 22 asses
+buyer offer after dispute = 15 asses
+total cost = 16 asses
+result if accepted = 1 as loss
+```
+
+The dispute changes the possible settlement.
+
+---
+
+## 10. Layer-0 And Layer-1 Concepts Used
+
+This example uses:
+
+- `Layer_0/CORPUS-0004-cost-includes-more-than-purchase-price`
+- `Layer_0/CORPUS-0005-profit-is-sale-minus-total-cost`
+- `Layer_0/CORPUS-0007-information-arrives-unevenly`
+- `Layer_0/CORPUS-0010-credit-depends-on-trust`
+- `Layer_0/CORPUS-0012-every-venture-risks-loss`
+- `Layer_1/CORPUS-0003-arithmetic-resolves-the-venture`
+- `Layer_1/CORPUS-0009-credit-allows-action-without-coin`
+- `Layer_2/CORPUS-0005-hidden-true-state-vs-known-state`
+- `Layer_2/CORPUS-0011-quality-uncertainty`
+
+---
+
+## 11. Success Condition
+
+If the model stops treating expectation, delivery, and agreement as final outcome, and starts waiting for settlement of payment, costs, quality, and obligations before declaring the venture resolved, this file is functioning correctly.