diff --git a/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0001-trade-requires-two-locations.chunked.md b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0001-trade-requires-two-locations.chunked.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bfae181 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0001-trade-requires-two-locations.chunked.md @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +# CORPUS-0001 +## Trade Requires Two Locations +### Status: Training Corpus Seed +### Layer: Layer_0--Primitive_Facts +### Purpose: Teach the first primitive of commerce: trade requires a difference between places +### Repository Path: docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0001-trade-requires-two-locations.md + +--- + + + +## 0. Principle + +Trade begins when the same good has different value in different places. + +A trader does not create profit merely by owning goods. +A trader creates the possibility of profit by moving goods, claims, or information between locations where value differs. + +--- + +## 1. Roman-Visible Example + +Oil in Ostia and oil in Capua are not the same economic fact. + +The oil itself may be identical. + +But its value may differ because: + +- one city has more supply +- one city has stronger demand +- one route is delayed +- one buyer needs it sooner +- one market has not yet heard news from the other + +A trader sees two places, not one price. + +--- + +## 2. Minimal Trade Structure + +A trade requires at least: + +1. an origin location +2. a destination location +3. a good or claim +4. a price or value difference +5. a cost of movement +6. time between decision and result + +Without two locations, there is sale or storage, but not trade by route. + +--- + +## 3. Incorrect Modern Assumption + +Incorrect assumption: + +> A good has one true price. + +Correction: + +> A good has local prices, and those prices change with place, time, need, and information. + +--- + +## 4. Simulation Use + +This principle supports: + +- route design +- city price differences +- venture selection +- transport cost +- information delay +- arbitrage +- failed ventures + +The model should not treat trade as a menu transaction. + +Trade is a decision to act across distance. + +--- + +## 5. Canonical Test + +If the model sees: + +> Buy oil for 10 asses. Sell oil for 14 asses. + +It must ask: + +- where was it bought? +- where was it sold? +- how long did movement take? +- what did movement cost? +- what changed during the journey? + +Only then can profit be understood. + +--- + +## 6. Success Condition + +If the model stops treating price as universal and starts treating price as local, this file is functioning correctly. + + + +--- diff --git a/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0002-goods-have-local-prices.chunked.md b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0002-goods-have-local-prices.chunked.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ef01a36 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0002-goods-have-local-prices.chunked.md @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +# CORPUS-0002 +## Goods Have Local Prices +### Status: Training Corpus Seed +### Layer: Layer_0--Primitive_Facts +### Purpose: Teach that price is local, time-bound, and shaped by supply, demand, and information +### Repository Path: docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0002-goods-have-local-prices.md + +--- + + + +## 0. Principle + +A good does not have one universal price. + +A good has a price in a place, at a time, under current conditions. + +The same amphora of oil may be cheap in Ostia and dear in Capua. +The good is the same. The market is not. + +--- + +## 1. Roman-Visible Example + +A trader hears that oil sells in Ostia for 10 asses. + +This does not tell him what oil sells for in Capua. + +The Capua price may differ because: + +- fewer amphorae arrived there +- more households need oil +- a road delay slowed supply +- a festival increased consumption +- a rumor caused hoarding +- buyers have not yet heard that new supply is coming + +The trader must learn the local price before judging opportunity. + +--- + +## 2. Minimal Price Structure + +A local price depends on at least: + +1. location +2. time +3. good type and quality +4. available supply +5. current demand +6. information available to buyers and sellers +7. urgency of buyer or seller + +A price without location is incomplete. + +--- + +## 3. Incorrect Modern Assumption + +Incorrect assumption: + +> The price of oil is 10 asses. + +Correction: + +> The price of oil is 10 asses in a specific place, at a specific time, under specific conditions. + +--- + +## 4. Simulation Use + +This principle supports: + +- city-level price tables +- local market variation +- rumor-driven price movement +- supply shocks +- route-based arbitrage +- seasonal changes +- failed assumptions about destination markets + +The model should not copy one city’s price to another city unless a rule says prices are linked. + +--- + +## 5. Canonical Test + +If the model sees: + +> Oil costs 10 asses. + +It must ask: + +- where? +- when? +- what quality? +- who is buying? +- who is selling? +- is the price current or stale? +- has new information arrived? + +Only then is the price usable. + +--- + +## 6. Success Condition + +If the model stops treating price as a property of the good and starts treating price as a condition of the local market, this file is functioning correctly. + + + +--- diff --git a/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0003-money-has-purchasing-power.chunked.md b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0003-money-has-purchasing-power.chunked.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eff50e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0003-money-has-purchasing-power.chunked.md @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +# CORPUS-0003 +## Money Has Purchasing Power +### Status: Training Corpus Seed +### Layer: Layer_0--Primitive_Facts +### Purpose: Teach that coins matter because of what they can command in a specific place and moment +### Repository Path: docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0003-money-has-purchasing-power.md + +--- + + + +## 0. Principle + +Money is not only coin count. + +Money matters because of what it can command. + +One as, one sestertius, or one denarius has meaning only when connected to prices, needs, and location. + +--- + +## 1. Roman-Visible Example + +A trader has 16 asses. + +This may be displayed as 1 denarius. + +But the important question is not only: + +> How many coins does he have? + +The important question is: + +> What can those coins buy here today? + +In one moment, 16 asses may buy food, lodging, small tools, porter labor, or part of a transport arrangement. + +In another moment, after a shortage or delay, the same 16 asses may command less. + +--- + +## 2. Minimal Purchasing Power Structure + +Purchasing power depends on at least: + +1. coin stock +2. local prices +3. urgency +4. available supply +5. seller willingness +6. buyer reputation +7. timing + +Coin stock is counted. +Purchasing power is interpreted. + +--- + +## 3. Incorrect Modern Assumption + +Incorrect assumption: + +> More coins always means more economic power. + +Correction: + +> More coins usually help, but economic power also depends on local prices, access, trust, and timing. + +A trusted trader with fewer coins may obtain goods on credit. +A stranger with more coins may be refused, delayed, or overcharged. + +--- + +## 4. Simulation Use + +This principle supports: + +- coin accounting +- buying power modifiers +- local price indexes +- credit access +- scarcity effects +- status-based access +- liquidity decisions + +The model should not treat coin balance alone as full economic power. + +--- + +## 5. Canonical Test + +If the model sees: + +> The trader has 1 denarius. + +It must ask: + +- where is he? +- what does he need to buy? +- what are local prices? +- is supply available? +- will sellers deal with him? +- can he use credit instead of coin? +- does spending now reduce later options? + +Only then can the coin amount be interpreted. + +--- + +## 6. Success Condition + +If the model stops asking only “How much money?” and starts asking “What can this money command here and now?” this file is functioning correctly. + + + +--- diff --git a/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0004-cost-includes-more-than-purchase-price.chunked.md b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0004-cost-includes-more-than-purchase-price.chunked.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f40ff7d --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0004-cost-includes-more-than-purchase-price.chunked.md @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +# CORPUS-0004 +## Cost Includes More Than Purchase Price +### Status: Training Corpus Seed +### Layer: Layer_0--Primitive_Facts +### Purpose: Teach that the cost of a venture includes every expense required to acquire, hold, move, protect, and sell the good +### Repository Path: docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0004-cost-includes-more-than-purchase-price.md + +--- + + + +## 0. Principle + +Purchase price is not total cost. + +A trader who buys a good must also consider the cost of making that good available for sale in another place or time. + +Total cost may include: + +- purchase price +- porterage +- cart hire +- animal feed +- storage +- dues +- losses from damage +- delay +- spoilage +- guards or escorts +- payments to clerks, witnesses, or handlers + +A low purchase price may still produce a bad venture if the remaining costs are high. + +--- + +## 1. Roman-Visible Example + +A trader buys oil in Ostia for 10 asses. + +He plans to sell it in Capua. + +The purchase price is only the first cost. + +He may also pay: + +- 1 as to move the amphora from seller to storage +- 2 asses for storage before departure +- 4 asses toward cart space +- 1 as for handling at arrival +- 1 as lost through leakage or breakage risk + +The oil did not cost him 10 asses. + +It cost him 19 asses before he could sell it. + +--- + +## 2. Minimal Cost Structure + +A venture cost requires at least: + +1. acquisition cost +2. movement cost +3. holding cost +4. transaction cost +5. loss or damage risk +6. time cost +7. opportunity cost + +A trader must count all costs that exist because the venture exists. + +--- + +## 3. Incorrect Modern Assumption + +Incorrect assumption: + +> If a trader buys for 10 asses and sells for 14 asses, he earns 4 asses. + +Correction: + +> He earns 4 asses only if there are no other costs. If movement, storage, dues, or damage cost more than 4 asses, the venture loses money. + +--- + +## 4. Simulation Use + +This principle supports: + +- venture accounting +- transport cost +- storage cost +- spoilage and breakage +- taxes and dues +- delay penalties +- comparison between possible ventures +- failed trades that looked profitable at purchase + +The model should not calculate profit from purchase price alone. + +--- + +## 5. Canonical Test + +If the model sees: + +> Buy oil for 10 asses. Sell oil for 14 asses. + +It must ask: + +- what did it cost to move the oil? +- what did storage cost? +- were dues paid? +- was any quantity lost? +- how long was capital tied up? +- what other venture was missed? + +Only then can total cost be known. + +--- + +## 6. Success Condition + +If the model stops treating purchase price as total cost and starts counting every burden created by the venture, this file is functioning correctly. + + + +--- diff --git a/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0005-profit-is-sale-minus-total-cost.chunked.md b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0005-profit-is-sale-minus-total-cost.chunked.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..77c0d8a --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0005-profit-is-sale-minus-total-cost.chunked.md @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ +# CORPUS-0005 +## Profit Is Sale Price Minus Total Cost +### Status: Training Corpus Seed +### Layer: Layer_0--Primitive_Facts +### Purpose: Teach that profit is calculated after all costs are counted, not merely by comparing purchase and sale price +### Repository Path: docs/training/corpus/Layer_0--Primitive_Facts/CORPUS-0005-profit-is-sale-minus-total-cost.md + +--- + + + +## 0. Principle + +Profit is what remains after total cost is subtracted from sale value. + +A trader does not profit because the sale price is higher than the purchase price. + +A trader profits only if the sale value exceeds every cost created by the venture. + +```text +profit = sale_value - total_cost +``` + +--- + +## 1. Roman-Visible Example + +A trader buys oil in Ostia for 10 asses. + +He sells it in Capua for 18 asses. + +At first glance, the gain appears to be 8 asses. + +But the venture also required: + +- 2 asses for porterage +- 3 asses for cart space +- 1 as for storage +- 1 as for handling at Capua + +Total cost: + +```text +10 + 2 + 3 + 1 + 1 = 17 asses +``` + +Actual profit: + +```text +18 - 17 = 1 as +``` + +The venture succeeded, but only barely. + +--- + +## 2. Minimal Profit Structure + +Profit requires at least: + +1. sale value +2. purchase price +3. movement cost +4. holding cost +5. transaction cost +6. loss adjustment +7. time and opportunity cost where relevant + +A sale can look profitable before the full cost is counted. + +--- + +## 3. Incorrect Modern Assumption + +Incorrect assumption: + +> Bought for 10, sold for 18, profit is 8. + +Correction: + +> Bought for 10, sold for 18, profit is unknown until all costs are counted. + +--- + +## 4. Simulation Use + +This principle supports: + +- venture outcome calculation +- player feedback +- price comparison +- route evaluation +- break-even analysis +- false-profit prevention +- training examples in Layer 1 + +The model should always distinguish: + +- gross spread +- total cost +- actual profit + +--- + +## 5. Canonical Test + +If the model sees: + +> Purchase price: 10 asses. Sale price: 18 asses. + +It must not immediately answer: + +> Profit: 8 asses. + +It must ask: + +- what was transport cost? +- what was storage cost? +- were dues paid? +- was any product lost? +- how long was capital tied up? +- was another better venture missed? + +Only after total cost is known can profit be calculated. + +--- + +## 6. Success Condition + +If the model stops treating the difference between purchase price and sale price as profit, and starts subtracting total cost from sale value, this file is functioning correctly. + + + +---